Электрический стул. Навигационные устройства. Акваланг

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Опубликовано: 06.12.2023, 08:48

Автор: МБЦ

Использование электрического стула в качестве смертного приговора: « …Consciousness returned to him, he understood! No more heads were chopped off. Killed with an electric charge. This way the justice of heaven was better imitated… » («Paris in the Twentieth Century»).

Навигационные устройства: «…these are the devices needed to navigate the Nautilus. Here, as in the lounge, I always have them before my eyes, and they indicate my position and exact heading in the midst of the ocean. You’re familiar with some of them, such as the thermometer, which gives the temperature inside the Nautilus; the barometer, which measures the heaviness of the outside air and forecasts changes in the weather; the humidistat, which indicates the degree of dryness in the atmosphere; the storm glass, whose mixture decomposes to foretell the arrival of tempests; the compass, which steers my course; the sextant, which takes the sun’s altitude and tells me my latitude; chronometers, which allow me to calculate my longitude; and finally, spyglasses for both day and night, enabling me to scrutinize every point of the horizon once the Nautilus has risen to the surface of the waves»(«20,000 Leagues Under the Sea»).

Акваланг: «…It consists of a tank built from heavy sheet iron in which I store air under a pressure of fifty atmospheres. This tank is fastened to the back by means of straps, like a soldier’s knapsack. Its top part forms a box where the air is regulated by a bellows mechanism and can be released only at its proper tension. In the Rouquayrol device that has been in general use, two india-rubber hoses leave this box and feed to a kind of tent that imprisons the operator’s nose and mouth; one hose is for the entrance of air to be inhaled, the other for the exit of air to be exhaled, and the tongue closes off the former or the latter depending on the breather’s needs…» («20,000 Leagues Under the Sea»).

Макаренко Наталья, программист

(г. Витебск, Республика Беларусь)

L’équipement de plongée

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Опубликовано: 06.12.2023, 08:41

Автор: МБЦ

Jules Verne a prédit la création d’un équipement de plongée dans son roman “Vingt mille lieues sous les mers”! Cette invention reste actuelle à XXI siècle parce au’à son aide les nageurs peuvent plonger jusqu’à trois cents mètres. L’équipement de plongée donne la possibilité d’explorer le monde sous marin.

Усова Марианна,

учащаяся 6 «А» класса ГУО «Гимназия № 1 г. Новополоцка»

(Республика Беларусь)

The widespread use of airplanes and helicopters. A phonotelephone

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Опубликовано: 06.12.2023, 08:36

Автор: МБЦ

The widespread use of airplanes and helicopters

The first airplane appeared during the writer's lifetime, but at that time it seemed more like an extravagant device rather than the leading means of transportation of the future. Verne disagreed with this. He described the predecessors of today's airplanes and helicopters in his books Robur the Conqueror, Lord of the World, and The Extraordinary Adventures of the Barsac Expedition. His "Albatross" and "Grozny" look like ordinary ships, but are lifted into the air by propellers and electricity.

***

At the bow and stern of the Albatross, two four-bladed propellers with large pitch are mounted on horizontal axes; these propellers can rotate in opposite directions, propelling the aircraft forward or backward in a horizontal plane. Their diameter is larger than that of the lifting propellers, and they can also rotate with extraordinary speed (an excerpt from Jules Verne «The conquering rover»).

In the story «One Day of an American Journalist in 2889». Verne described a thing called a phonotelephone. With it, you could see the person you are talking to on a screen and talk to the person wherever they are.

***

The telephone, supplemented by the phonotelephotos, is another conquest of our century! While the transmission of voice by means of electric current has existed for a long time, the transmission of images is a very recent discovery. A valuable invention for which Francis Bennet, looking at his wife in the mirror of the phonotelephone, blessed the scientist (an excerpt from Jules Verne «One day of an American journalist in the year 2889»).

So, we can make a conclusion that the use of airplanes and helicopters and video link is very popular nowadays.

Шинкевич Анастасия,

17 лет,

Витебский государственный политехнический колледж (Республика Беларусь)

The Moon: From Fiction To Reality

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Опубликовано: 06.12.2023, 08:12

Автор: МБЦ

Jules Verne was a XIXth century French classic writer and the founder of the science fiction genre in literature. He lived in a time of great scientific discoveries and the rapid development of science. Was it possible not to start imagining and thinking about what else could scientist discover? In what field will the next breakthrough happen? More and more new questions gave rise to more and more new ideas, inspiring both scientific minds and writers, whose creative horizons opened up.

Literature popularized science through acquaintance with scientific achievements. So science was no longer a privilege only for the scientific community. Space has worried the imagination of humanity from the dawn of time. Numerous astronomical observations, development of more and more powerful telescopes, space exploration programs testify to this. If distant planets like Jupiter, Neptune, Pluto are difficult to explore, the Moon, as the closest object to Earth, on the contrary, doesn’t seem to be an unattainable goal. The 1856 novel "From the Earth to the Moon" brings up a serious issue of the first possible flight to the Earth's satellite. Despite the fact that the novel was written in the mid – XIXth century, every line in it echoes to modern lunar exploration missions. Mr. Verne came up with a flying machine for his characters that would take them to the Moon. He described how his characters would have to breathe in this machine, what power of the shot should have to be to fly away from Earth, and even how characters would stay alive after the Columbiad shot. The description of the flying machine is very naive, and the calculations are full of flaws, but the idea itself was right and served as the basis for future research and calculations in cosmic area of knowledge. Unlike his predecessors: Cyrano de Bergerac and Edgar Poe, whose characters magically got to the Moon, Jules Verne was the first to deeply and seriously use innovatory scientific knowledge to create the plot of his book.

In modern cosmonautics, the ideas of launching people to the Moon, described by Jules Verne, were reflected in the concepts of the space gun and the Lofstrom’s launch loop. The use of a railgun makes such an idea quite feasible, and in 1969, a humankind first touched the lunar surface – fiction became a reality. Lunar missions continue up to this day, humanity strives to explore and conquer space – until recently an inaccessible space.

Чичерина Ксения,

студентка группы 0454-04ан направления 45.03.02 «Лингвистика», профиль «Иностранный язык и иностранный язык (английский / немецкий)»

Факультета русской филологии и иностранных языков Института гуманитарных наук и языковых коммуникаций

Федерального государственного бюджетного образовательного учреждения высшего образования «Псковский государственный университет»